Industry
Optimus: Five Years of Promises and One Factory Line to Prove Them
Tesla is converting a factory line to prove Optimus can manufacture at automotive scale, but the harder question, five years in, is how much of what the robot does on stage it actually does on its own.

Tesla is converting the Fremont line that built the Model S for fourteen years and the Model X for eleven into an Optimus production floor, targeting volume manufacturing by late summer 2026. But five years after Elon Musk unveiled the humanoid robot, a persistent gap between what Optimus is shown doing and what it does autonomously, plus a badly missed 2025 production target, puts the burden of proof on Tesla just as rivals from Figure to Unitree are already shipping.





